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A geopolitical ontology is a mechanism to describe, manage and exchange data related to geopolitical entities such as countries, territories, regions and other similar areas. ==Definitions and examples== An Ontology is a kind of dictionary that describes information in a certain domain using concepts and relationships. It is often implemented using OWL (Web Ontology Language), an XML-based standard language that can be interpreted by computers. * A ''Concept'' is defined as abstract knowledge. For example, in the geopolitical ontology a non-self-governing territory or a geographical group are concepts. Concepts are explicitly implemented in the ontology with individuals and classes: * * An ''individual'' is defined as an object perceived from the real world. In the geopolitical domain Ethiopia or the least developed countries group are individuals. * * A ''class'' is defined as a set of individuals sharing common properties. In the geopolitical domain, Ethiopia, Republic of Korea or Italy are individuals of the class ''self-governing'' territory; and least developed countries is an individual of the class ''special group''. * Relationships between concepts are explicitly implemented by: * * ''Object properties'' between individuals of two classes. For example, ''has member'' and ''is in group'' properties, as shown in Figure 1. * * ''Datatype properties'' between individuals and literals or XML datatypes. For example, the individual Afghanistan has the datatype property ''CodeISO3'' with the value "AFG". * * ''Restrictions'' in classes and/or properties. For example, the property ''official English name'' of the class ''self-governing'' territory has been restricted to have only ''one'' value, this means that a self-governing territory (or country) can only have one internationally recognized official English name.〔Official names of countries from (FAO terminology database )〕 The advantage of describing information in an ontology is that it enables to acquire domain knowledge by defining hierarchical structures of classes, adding individuals, setting object properties and datatype properties, and assigning restrictions. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Geopolitical ontology」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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